The effect of histamine on the induction of experimental autoimmune hemolytic anemia on OF1, BALB/c and SJL mice (1) Histamine is a physiological agent well…
Science
Animal models of anemia of inflammation
Animal Models of Anemia of Inflammation(1) Anemia of inflammation (AI), also known as anemia of chronic disease or anemia of chronic disorders (ACD), is a…
Adenosine limits the therapeutic effectiveness of anti-CTLA4 mAb in a mouse melanoma model
Adenosine limits the therapeutic effectiveness of anti-CTLA4 mAb in a mouse melanoma model(1) The co-inhibitory receptor Cytotoxic T Lympho- cyte Antigen-4 (CTLA-4) interacts with members…
A receptor for interleukin 10 is related to interferon receptors
A receptor for interleukin 10 is related to interferon receptors (1) Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is a cytokine produced by activated T cells, B cells, keratinocytes,…
Anemia in sepsis: the importance of red blood cell membrane changes
Anemia in sepsis: the importance of red blood cell membrane changes (1) Septic patients have the increased uptake of altered RBCs by the reticuloendothelial system….
Antagonism of TIM-1 blocks the development of disease in a humanized mouse model of allergic asthma
Antagonism of TIM-1 blocks the development of disease in a humanized mouse model of allergic asthma (1) The murine system supports the role of TIM-1…
The Tim-3-galectin-9 Secretory Pathway is Involved in the Immune Escape of Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells
The Tim-3-galectin-9 Secretory Pathway is Involved in the Immune Escape of Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells (1) Galectin-9 is a β-galactoside-binding lectin, which has a…
Extracellular functions of galectin-3
Extracellular functions of galectin-3 (1) The biological activities of galectin-3 in the extracellular compartment mainly involve its interactions with various beta galactoside containing glycans via…
Human Immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) and IgG4, but Not IgG1 or IgG3, Protect Mice against Cryptococcus neoformans Infection
Human Immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) and IgG4, but Not IgG1 or IgG3, Protect Mice against Cryptococcus neoformans Infection(1) As therapeutic agents for infectious disease, antibodies have…
Screening and antitumor effect of an anti‑CTLA‑4 nanobody
Screening and antitumor effect of an anti‑CTLA‑4 nanobody (1) Regulatory T-cell receptors serve as immunotherapeutic targets for enhancing activation of antitumor immune responses or reversing…
High efficiency reduction capability for the formation of Fab׳ antibody fragments from F(ab)2 units
High efficiency reduction capability for the formation of Fab׳ antibody fragments from F(ab)2 units (1) Immunoglobulins, or antibodies, are large proteins produced by the immune…
Targeting Tim-3 and PD-1 pathways to reverse T cell exhaustion and restore anti-tumor immunity
Targeting Tim-3 and PD-1 pathways to reverse T cell exhaustion and restore anti-tumor immunity (1) PD-1 expression is found on tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells in…
TIM-3 Is Expressed in Melanoma Cells and Is Upregulated in TGF-Beta Stimulated Mast Cells
TIM-3 Is Expressed in Melanoma Cells and Is Upregulated in TGF-Beta Stimulated Mast Cells (1) Though the function of mast cells was mostly known in…
TLR7 and TLR8 as targets in cancer therapy
TLR7 and TLR8 as targets in cancer therapy (1) Toll-like receptors 7 (TLR7) and TLR8 are phylogenetically and structurally closely related members of the TLR…
The DPP4 inhibitor linagliptin ameliorated renal injury and accelerated resolution in a rat model of crescentic nephritis
The DPP4 inhibitor linagliptin ameliorated renal injury and accelerated resolution in a rat model of crescentic nephritis (1) Crescent formation is a histologic hallmark of…
TIM-3 as a Target for Cancer Immunotherapy and Mechanisms of Action
TIM-3 as a Target for Cancer Immunotherapy and Mechanisms of Action (1) T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3) has been recognized as a…
CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade: New Immunotherapeutic Modalities with Durable Clinical Benefit in Melanoma Patients
CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade: New Immunotherapeutic Modalities with Durable Clinical Benefit in Melanoma Patients (1) A number of inhibitory receptors and ligands expressed on T…
CTLA-4 and PD-1 Pathways Similarities, Differences, and Implications of Their Inhibition
CTLA-4 and PD-1 Pathways Similarities, Differences, and Implications of Their Inhibition (1) To prevent autoimmunity, numerous immune checkpoint pathways regulate activation of T cells at…
Combination Immunotherapy of B16 Melanoma Using Anti–Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte–Associated Antigen 4 (Ctla-4) and Granulocyte/Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (Gm-Csf)-Producing Vaccines Induces Rejection of Subcutaneous and Metastatic Tumors Accompanied by Autoimmune Depigmentation
Combination Immunotherapy of B16 Melanoma Using Anti–Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte–Associated Antigen 4 (Ctla-4) and Granulocyte/Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (Gm-Csf)-Producing Vaccines Induces Rejection of Subcutaneous and Metastatic Tumors…
Anti-CTLA-4 Antibodies of IgG2a Isotype Enhance Antitumor Activity through Reduction of Intratumoral Regulatory T Cells
Anti-CTLA-4 Antibodies of IgG2a Isotype Enhance Antitumor Activity through Reduction of Intratumoral Regulatory T Cells (1) Antibody blockade of CTLA-4 was shown to exacerbate autoimmunity….