Freund adjuvant induces TLR2 but not TLR4 expression in the liver of mice (1) The use of incomplete (IFA) and complete Freund adjuvant (CFA), which…

Toll-Like Receptor 4 Stimulation Triggers Crescentic Glomerulonephritis by Multiple Mechanisms Including a Direct Effect on Renal Cells (1) Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of…

Aldosterone Induced Galectin-3 Secretion In Vitro and In Vivo: From Cells to Humans (1) Aldosterone induces macrophage activation and low grade inflammation, which may play…

Microdetermination of Proteoglycans and Glycosaminoglycans in the Presence of Guanidine Hydrochloride (1) Proteoglycans are complex macromolecules consisting of a central core protein to which one…

T Cell Ig Mucin-3 Promotes Homeostasis of Sepsis by Negatively Regulating the TLR Response(1) Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by different microorganisms that enter…

Ten simple rules on how to write a standard operating procedure(1) Standard operating procedures (SOPs) for industrial processes to achieve efficiency, quality, and uniformity of…

Anti-TIM3 Antibody Promotes T Cell IFN-g–Mediated Antitumor Immunity and Suppresses Established Tumors (1) Stimulation of T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM3) by its…

Evaluation of Cartilage and Bone Degradation in a Murine Collagen Antibody-induced Arthritis Model (1) Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by expression of autoantibodies, upregulation of…

Commercial Marine-Degradable Polymers for Flexible Packaging (1) It is cost-prohibitive to purchase large plastic bottles or metal cans of products, like shampoo or coffee. Consumer…

Heterogeneous responses and cross reactivity between the major peanut allergens Ara h 1, 2,3 and 6 in a mouse model for peanut allergy (1) Sensitization…

Lactoferrin decreases pollen antigen‐induced allergic airway inflammation in a murine model of asthma (1) Oxidative stress occurs not only as a result of environmental exposure,…

Modes of action of Freund’s adjuvants in experimental models of autoimmune diseases (1) incomplete (IFA) and complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) have been the most commonly…

Toll-Like Receptor 2 Agonists Exacerbate Accelerated Nephrotoxic Nephritis(1) Glomerulonephritis in humans can be exacerbated by infection. For example, in IgA nephropathy, an upper respiratory tract…

Complement receptor 3 mediates renal protection in experimental C3 glomerulopathy (1) C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) is a category of kidney diseases that includes dense-deposit disease, C3…

Dysbiosis Contributes to Arthritis Development via Activation of Autoreactive T Cells in the Intestine (1) SKG mice, which bear a point mutation in the ZAP‐70…

Biased perceptions explain collective action deadlocks and suggest new mechanisms to prompt cooperation (1) All the perception biases we consider here can be situated in…

Brain organoid formation on decellularized porcine brain ECM hydrogels (1) Most commonly, Matrigel is used as an outer hydrogel scaffold to give brain organoids structural…

Possible Implication of Intermolecular Epitope Spreading in the Production of Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Antibody in Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-associated Vasculitis (1) Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis…

Combination immunotherapy with α-CTLA-4 and α-PD-L1 antibody blockade prevents immune escape and leads to complete control of metastatic osteosarcoma(1) In the K7M2, PD-L1 knock-down cells,…

Immune-Mediated Inhibition of Metastases after Treatment with Local Radiation and CTLA-4 Blockade in a Mouse Model of Breast Cancer (1) Breast cancer is often a…