TIM-3 Is Expressed in Melanoma Cells and Is Upregulated in TGF-Beta Stimulated Mast Cells (1) Though the function of mast cells was mostly known in…

TLR7 and TLR8 as targets in cancer therapy (1) Toll-like receptors 7 (TLR7) and TLR8 are phylogenetically and structurally closely related members of the TLR…

The DPP4 inhibitor linagliptin ameliorated renal injury and accelerated resolution in a rat model of crescentic nephritis (1) Crescent formation is a histologic hallmark of…

TIM-3 as a Target for Cancer Immunotherapy and Mechanisms of Action (1) T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3) has been recognized as a…

CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade: New Immunotherapeutic Modalities with Durable Clinical Benefit in Melanoma Patients (1) A number of inhibitory receptors and ligands expressed on T…

CTLA-4 and PD-1 Pathways Similarities, Differences, and Implications of Their Inhibition (1) To prevent autoimmunity, numerous immune checkpoint pathways regulate activation of T cells at…

Combination Immunotherapy of B16 Melanoma Using Anti–Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte–Associated Antigen 4 (Ctla-4) and Granulocyte/Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (Gm-Csf)-Producing Vaccines Induces Rejection of Subcutaneous and Metastatic Tumors…

Anti-CTLA-4 Antibodies of IgG2a Isotype Enhance Antitumor Activity through Reduction of Intratumoral Regulatory T Cells (1) Antibody blockade of CTLA-4 was shown to exacerbate autoimmunity….

TIM-1 regulates macrophage cytokine production and B7 family member expression (1) The T-cell immunoglobulin mucin (TIM) family of cell surface proteins has attracted much attention…

Enhanced Humoral Immune Response by High Density TLR Agonist Presentation on Hyperbranched Polymers (1) Subunit vaccines are often ineffective in eliciting a satisfactory humoral immune…