Toll-Like Receptor 2 Agonists Exacerbate Accelerated Nephrotoxic Nephritis(1) Glomerulonephritis in humans can be exacerbated by infection. For example, in IgA nephropathy, an upper respiratory tract…

Complement receptor 3 mediates renal protection in experimental C3 glomerulopathy (1) C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) is a category of kidney diseases that includes dense-deposit disease, C3…

Dysbiosis Contributes to Arthritis Development via Activation of Autoreactive T Cells in the Intestine (1) SKG mice, which bear a point mutation in the ZAP‐70…

Biased perceptions explain collective action deadlocks and suggest new mechanisms to prompt cooperation (1) All the perception biases we consider here can be situated in…

Brain organoid formation on decellularized porcine brain ECM hydrogels (1) Most commonly, Matrigel is used as an outer hydrogel scaffold to give brain organoids structural…

Possible Implication of Intermolecular Epitope Spreading in the Production of Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Antibody in Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-associated Vasculitis (1) Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis…

Combination immunotherapy with α-CTLA-4 and α-PD-L1 antibody blockade prevents immune escape and leads to complete control of metastatic osteosarcoma(1) In the K7M2, PD-L1 knock-down cells,…

Immune-Mediated Inhibition of Metastases after Treatment with Local Radiation and CTLA-4 Blockade in a Mouse Model of Breast Cancer (1) Breast cancer is often a…

The effect of histamine on the induction of experimental autoimmune hemolytic anemia on OF1, BALB/c and SJL mice (1) Histamine is a physiological agent well…

Animal Models of Anemia of Inflammation(1) Anemia of inflammation (AI), also known as anemia of chronic disease or anemia of chronic disorders (ACD), is a…

Adenosine limits the therapeutic effectiveness of anti-CTLA4 mAb in a mouse melanoma model(1) The co-inhibitory receptor Cytotoxic T Lympho- cyte Antigen-4 (CTLA-4) interacts with members…

A receptor for interleukin 10 is related to interferon receptors (1) Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is a cytokine produced by activated T cells, B cells, keratinocytes,…

Anemia in sepsis: the importance of red blood cell membrane changes (1) Septic patients have the increased uptake of altered RBCs by the reticuloendothelial system….

Antagonism of TIM-1 blocks the development of disease in a humanized mouse model of allergic asthma (1) The murine system supports the role of TIM-1…

The Tim-3-galectin-9 Secretory Pathway is Involved in the Immune Escape of Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells (1) Galectin-9 is a β-galactoside-binding lectin, which has a…

Extracellular functions of galectin-3 (1) The biological activities of galectin-3 in the extracellular compartment mainly involve its interactions with various beta galactoside containing glycans via…

Human Immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) and IgG4, but Not IgG1 or IgG3, Protect Mice against Cryptococcus neoformans Infection(1) As therapeutic agents for infectious disease, antibodies have…

Screening and antitumor effect of an anti‑CTLA‑4 nanobody (1) Regulatory T-cell receptors serve as immunotherapeutic targets for enhancing activation of antitumor immune responses or reversing…

High efficiency reduction capability for the formation of Fab׳ antibody fragments from F(ab)2 units (1) Immunoglobulins, or antibodies, are large proteins produced by the immune…

Targeting Tim-3 and PD-1 pathways to reverse T cell exhaustion and restore anti-tumor immunity (1) PD-1 expression is found on tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells in…